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>On hegemony:

>- A dual economy with entrenched inequality undermines social cohesion, human capital, and long‑term productivity.
>- Combined with external challengers (China, India, others), this weakens the foundations of U.S. global leadership.
>- Lewis’s framework supports the idea that **an elite‑dominated modern sector sitting atop a vast low‑wage base is ultimately unstable**.

>---

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